How it works
Mean velocity = volumetric flow / cross-sectional area. Convert L/min to m³/s and diameter mm to m.
Input definitions
- Volumetric flow (litres/minute)
- Enter the value in the labeled unit.
- Internal pipe diameter (mm)
- Enter the value in the labeled unit.
A worked example
- Volumetric flow (litres/minute)
- 60
- Internal pipe diameter (mm)
- 100
Assumptions & limits
Full circular internal cross section; steady incompressible flow. No pressure-loss or pump sizing calculation.
Sources & review
Maintained by AnsRio. Methods and examples use automated checks; this does not imply independent professional certification.
Method updated 2026-10-17. Content checked against the stated method and examples. Our verification approach.
Common questions
Do I use internal or external pipe diameter?
Use the internal diameter. Flow area depends on the open circular cross section; using the outside diameter overstates the area and understates mean velocity.
Which units should I enter?
Use the units written in each input label. These formulas assume idealized conditions; changing to centimetres, litres or kilopascals without conversion changes the meaning of the result.
How does the Pipe flow velocity tool work?
Mean velocity = volumetric flow / cross-sectional area. Convert L/min to m³/s and diameter mm to m.
What are the assumptions and limits of Pipe flow velocity?
Full circular internal cross section; steady incompressible flow. No pressure-loss or pump sizing calculation.